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The 100 Most Eminent Psychologists of the
20th Century
Review of General Psychology. 2002, Vol. 6, No. 2, 139–152
Steven J. Haggbloom (Western Kentucky University)
Renee Warnick, Jason E. Warnick, Vinessa K. Jones, Gary L. Yarbrough,
Tenea
M. Russell, Chris M. Borecky, Reagan McGahhey, John L. Powell III,
Jamie
Beavers, and Emmanuelle Monte (Arkansas State University) |
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A rank-ordered list was constructed that reports the first 99 of the 100
most eminent psychologists of the 20th century. Eminence was measured by
scores on 3 quantitative variables and 3 qualitative variables. The
quantitative variables were journal citation frequency, introductory
psychology textbook citation frequency, and survey response frequency.
The qualitative variables were National Academy of Sciences membership,
election as American Psychological Association (APA) president or
receipt of the APA Distinguished Scientific Contributions Award, and
surname used as an eponym. The qualitative variables were quantified and
combined with the other 3 quantitative variables to produce a composite
score that was then used to construct a rank-ordered list of the most
eminent psychologists of the 20th century.
Full article. |
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1. B.F.
Skinner
2. Jean Piaget
3. Sigmund Freud
4. Albert Bandura
5. Leon Festinger
6. Carl R. Rogers
7. Stanley Schachter
8. Neal E. Miller
9. Edward Thorndike
10. A. H. Maslow
11. Gordon W. Allport
12. Erik H. Erikson
13. Hans J. Eysenck
14. William James
15. David C. McClelland
16. Raymond B. Cattell
17. John B. Watson
18. Kurt Lewin
19. Donald O. Hebb
20. George A. Miller
21. Clark L. Hull
22. Jerome Kagan
23. Carl G. Jung
24. Ivan P. Pavlov
25. Walter Mischel
26. Harry F. Harlow
27. J. P. Guilford
28. Jerome S. Bruner
29. Ernest R. Hilgard
30. Lawrence Kohlberg
31. Martin E.P. Seligman
32. Ulric Neisser
33. Donald T. Campbell
34. Roger Brown
35. R. B. Zajonc
36. Endel Tulving
37. Herbert A. Simon
38. Noam Chomsky
39. Edward E. Jones
40. Charles E. Osgood
41. Solomon E. Asch
42. Gordon H. Bower
43. Harold H. Kelley
44. Roger W. Sperry
45. Edward C. Tolman
46. Stanley Milgram
47. Arthur R. Jensen
48. Lee J. Cronbach
49. John Bowlby
50. Wolfgang Köhler
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51. David
Wechsler
52. S. S. Stevens
53. Joseph Wolpe
54. D. E. Broadbent
55. Roger N. Shepard
56. Michael I. Posner
57. Theodore M. Newcomb
58. Elizabeth F. Loftus
59. Paul Ekman
60. Robert J. Sternberg
61. Karl S. Lashley
62. Kenneth Spence
63. Morton Deutsch
64. Julian B. Rotter
65. Konrad Lorenz
66. Benton Underwood
67. Alfred Adler
68. Michael Rutter
69. Alexander R. Luria
70. Eleanor E. Maccoby
71. Robert Plomin
72.5.* G. Stanley Hall
72.5. Lewis M. Terman
74.5.* Eleanor J. Gibson
74.5. Paul E. Meehl
76. Leonard Berkowitz
77. William K. Estes
78. Eliot Aronson
79. Irving L. Janis
80. Richard S. Lazarus
81. W. Gary Cannon
82. Allen L. Edwards
83. Lev Semenovich Vygotsky
84. Robert Rosenthal
85. Milton Rokeach
88.5.* John Garcia
88.5. James J. Gibson
88.5. David Rumelhart
88.5. L. L. Thurston
88.5. Margaret Washburn
88.5. Robert Woodworth
93.5.* Edwin G. Boring
93.5. John Dewey
93.5. Amos Tversky
93.5. Wilhelm Wundt
96. Herman A. Witkin
97. Mary D. Ainsworth
98. Orval Hobart Mowrer
99. Anna Freud
*Numbers with
.5 indicate a tie in the ranking. In these cases, the mean is listed.
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Presidents
American Psychological Association
President's Office |
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2005 |
Ronald L. Levant, EdD, MBA, ABPP |
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2004 |
Diane F. Halpern, PhD |
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2003 |
Robert J. Sternberg, PhD |
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2002 |
Philip G. Zimbardo, PhD |
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2001 |
Norine G. Johnson, PhD |
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2000 |
Patrick H. Deleon, PhD, MPH, JD |
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1999 |
Richard M. Suinn, PhD |
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1998 |
Martin E. P. Seligman, PhD |
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1997 |
Norman Abeles. PhD |
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1996 |
Dorothy W. Cantor, PsyD |
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1995 |
Robert J. Resnick, PhD, ABPP |
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1994 |
Ronald E. Fox, PhD |
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1993 |
Frank Farley, PhD |
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1992 |
Jack Wiggins, Jr., PhD |
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1991 |
Charles Spielberger, PhD |
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1990 |
Stanley Graham, PhD |
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1989 |
Joseph D. Matarazzo, PhD |
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1988 |
Raymond D. Fowler, PhD, ABPP |
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1987 |
Bonnie R. Strickland, PhD |
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1986 |
Logan Wright, PhD |
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1985 |
Robert Perloff, PhD |
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1984 |
Janet T. Spence, PhD |
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1983 |
Max Siegal, PhD |
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1982 |
William Bevan, PhD |
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1981 |
John J. Conger, PhD |
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1980 |
Florence L. Denmark, PhD |
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1979 |
Nicholas A. Cummings, PhD |
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1978 |
M. Brewster Smith, PhD |
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1977 |
Theodore Blau, PhD |
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1976 |
Wilbert J. Mckeachie, PhD |
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1975 |
Donald T. Campbell, PhD |
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1974 |
Albert Bandura, PhD |
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1973 |
Leona E. Tyler, PhD |
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1972 |
Anne Anastasi, PhD |
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1971 |
Kenneth B. Clark, PhD |
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1970 |
George W. Albee, PhD |
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1969 |
George A. Miller, PhD |
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1968 |
A. H. Maslow, PhD |
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1967 |
Gardner Lindzey, PhD |
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1966 |
Nicholas Hobbs, PhD |
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1965 |
Jerome Bruner, PhD |
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1964 |
Quinn McNemar, PhD |
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1963 |
Charles E. Osgood, PhD |
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1962 |
Paul E. Meehl, PhD |
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1961 |
Neal E. Miller, PhD |
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1960 |
Donald O. Hebb, PhD |
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1959 |
W. Kohler, PhD |
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1958 |
H. F. Harlow, PhD |
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1957 |
Lee J. Cronbach, PhD |
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1956 |
Theodore M. Newcombe, PhD |
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1955 |
E. Lowell Kelly, PhD |
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1954 |
O. H. Mowrer, PhD |
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1953 |
Laurence Frederic Shaffer, PhD |
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1952 |
Joseph McVicker Hunt, PhD |
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1951 |
Robert R. Sears, PhD |
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1950 |
Joy Paul Guilford, PhD |
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1949 |
Ernest R. Hilgard, PhD |
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1948 |
Donald G. Marquis, PhD |
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1947 |
Carl R. Rogers, PhD |
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1946 |
Henry E. Garrett, PhD |
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1945 |
Edwin R. Guthrie, PhD |
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1944 |
Garder Murphy, PhD |
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1943 |
John Edward Anderson, PhD |
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1942 |
Calvin Perry Stone, PhD |
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1941 |
Herbert Woodrow, PhD |
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1940 |
Leonard Carmichael, PhD |
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1939 |
Gordon Willard Allport, PhD |
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1938 |
John Frederick Dashiell, PhD |
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1937 |
Edward Chace Tolman, PhD |
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1936 |
Clark Leonard Hull, PhD |
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1935 |
Albert Theodor Poffenberger, PhD |
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1934 |
Joseph Peterson, PhD |
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1933 |
Luis Leon Thurstone, PhD |
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1932 |
Walter Richard Miles, PhD |
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1931 |
Walther Samuel Hunter, PhD |
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1930 |
Herbert Sidney Langfeld, PhD |
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1929 |
Karl Lashley, PhD |
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1928 |
Edwin Garrigues Boring, PhD |
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1927 |
Harry Levi Hollingsworth, PhD |
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1926 |
Harvey A. Carter, PhD |
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1925 |
Madison Bentley, PhD |
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1924 |
Granville Stanley Hall, PhD |
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1923 |
Lewis Madison Terman, PhD |
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1922 |
Knight Dunlap, PhD |
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1921 |
Margaret Floy Washburn, PhD |
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1920 |
Shepard Ivory Franz, PhD |
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1919 |
Walter Dill Scott, PhD |
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1918 |
John Wallace Baird, PhD |
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1917 |
Robert Mearns Yerkes, PhD |
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1916 |
Raymond Dodge, PhD |
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1915 |
John Broadus Watson, PhD |
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1914 |
Robert Sessions Woodworth, PhD |
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1913 |
Howard Crosby Warren, PhD |
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1912 |
Edward Lee Thorndike, PhD |
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1911 |
Carl Emil Seashore, PhD |
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1910 |
Walter Bowers Pillsbury, PhD |
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1909 |
Charles Hubbard Judd, PhD |
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1908 |
George Malcolm Stratton, PhD |
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1907 |
Henry Rutgers Marshall, AM |
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1906 |
James Rowland Angell, MA |
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1905 |
Mary Whiton Calkins, AM |
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1904 |
William James, MD |
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1903 |
William Lowe Bryan, PhD |
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1902 |
Edmund Clark Sanford, PhD |
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1901 |
Josiah Royce, PhD |
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1900 |
Joseph Jastrow, PhD |
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1899 |
John Dewey, PhD |
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1898 |
Hugo Munensterberg, PhD |
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1897 |
James Mark Baldwin, PhD |
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1896 |
George Stuart Fullerton, MA |
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1895 |
James McKeen Cattell, PhD |
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1894 |
William James, MD |
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1893 |
George Trumbull Ladd, PhD |
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1892 |
Granville Stanley Hall, PhD |
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